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| Название: | БАЗОВЫЕ ИНСТИТУТЫ БЕЛОРУССКОГО И ИРЛАНДСКОГО ЭТНОСОЦИУМОВ |
| Другие названия: | Basic Institutions of the Belarusian and Irish Ethnic Societies |
| Авторы: | Ксензов, С.В.
Ксензова, В.Э.
Ksenzov, S.V.
Ksenzova, V.E. |
| Ключевые слова: | институциональная теория
институциональная матрица
базовый институт
этносоциум
государство
institutional matrix
basic institute
ethnic society
state |
| Дата публикации: | 2014 |
| Издатель: | ДонНТУ |
| Библиографическое описание: | Наукові праці Донецького національного технічного університету. Серія: Економічна. №2 / ДВНЗ "ДонНТУ" ; редкол.: В.В. Дементьєв (голов. ред.) та ін. - Донецьк : ДВНЗ "ДонНТУ", 2014. |
| Аннотация: | Базовые институты белорусской и ирландской нации формировались в течение шести
– восьми веков. Эти процессы происходили в ходе заселения занимаемых ныне территорий, их хозяйственного освоения и социально-политических изменений, основным из которых было создание института государства. Вхождение в состав других государственных образований не разрушило собственную национальную институциональную матрицу, а лишь влияло на вектор ее развития. Базовые институты матрицы позволяют малой нации выживать и развиваться, сохраняя свою идентичность в ходе эволюции. |
| Описание: | Basic institutions of the Belarusian and Irish people were formed within six - seven centuries. These processes took place during the settlement of current territories, their economic development and
socio-political changes, the main of which was the creation of the state.
The basic matrix of Belarusian ethnic society was formed during VIII-XIII centuries and is essentially the X-matrix, but with softer features as compared with oriental nations. The Belarusian matrix
includes the following institutions in politics: the unitary nature of power relations; absolute unacceptability of unlimited power; confidence in the supreme ruler as the guarantor of protection from external aggression; the institute of "maneuvering" between the interests of a militarily stronger neigh-bors; limiting the governors power by elected bodies. In economy the following basic institutions are
traced in the Belarusian institutional matrix: the state as the most important and active economic subject; largest private or collective ownership in agriculture, diligence and mutual help. The ideology is
characterized by such basic institutions as tolerance, collectivism, strong family ties and religious tolerance.
The Irish basic matrix was formed during the
II - VIII centuries. The Irish Institute of state acquired the following characteristics: election of governors and their deputies; aspiration of small administrative territory to independence on the basis of clan structure; aggressiveness in territory expansion at the expense of neighbours. These basic characteristics of the institution of state led to the fact that disunity, lack of unity, clan competition for power contributed to the conquest of Ireland by the Normans and Anglo-Saxons. Entrenched customs of gavel kind and tanistry in economic relations contributed to the nation's political disunity. There was collective property within fins, but its disposal was private.
Ideological institutions were formed on the
basis of Christianity and folk traditions. Ireland together with Italy and Byzantium (Greece) made that European triangle whose ends sent the impulses of Christianization of the pagan continent. The institute
of church had features similar to political institutions in Irish society. Its organization was adapted to the clan structure and clerical positions became the
monopoly of certain families. The institute of bards should be referred to ideological institutions as it helped to save Gaelic language, traditions and selfidentity of the nation under nearly a millennial occupation.
These phenomena show the role of mentality in the institutes formation and functioning. Tolerance of the Belarusians and uncompromising stand of the Irish, as the article underlines, played a significant
role in political process. History settled that Belarusian and Irish lands for a long time formed part of other public formations, which eventually cemented the centralized unitary character of political system
in the basic institutional structure. Moreover, the central government was not perceived by the Irish and Belarusians as their "own" central government,
but as standing over "their" central government. Being a part of other public formations did not destroy their own national institutional matrix, and only influenced the direction of its development. It was the process of adapting the matrix to the external institutes.
Import of larger ethnic groups institutes,
evolution of their own institutes did not lead to the loss of self-identity. Moreover, England and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Rzeczpospolita)
actively pursued the transplantation of basic institutes of the corresponding matrices, especially in ideology, but these institutes took root slowly. Population adapted, formally complied with ideological
requirements, but alien institutes never entered into the basic Belarusian and Irish matrices. Therefore, every large or small nation has its own unique institutional matrix. It is formed by deep, historically
stable and constantly reproducing social relationships. The basic matrix institutes allow small ethnic societies to survive and develop preserving its integrity and self-sufficiency in the historical evolution. |
| URI: | http://ea.donntu.org/handle/123456789/29542 |
| Располагается в коллекциях: | Випуск 2
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